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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2024.01.01</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-1029</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕИ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вызовы региональной социально-экономической поляризации в России: успешна ли государственная политика?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Challenges of regional socio-economic polarization in Russia: is the state policy successful?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туровский</surname><given-names>Р. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turovsky</surname><given-names>R. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туровский Ростислав Феликсович, доктор политических наук, профессор Факультета социальных наук, заведующий Лабораторией региональных политических исследований</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Turovsky Rostislav </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rturovsky@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сухова Марина Сергеевна, старший преподаватель Факультета социальных наук, научный сотрудник Лаборатории региональных политических исследований</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sukhova Maria </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mssukhova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национально-исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">HSE University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Пространственное развитие и региональная политика: современные вызовы и тренды</issue-title><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Туровский Р.Ф., Сухова М.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Туровский Р.Ф., Сухова М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Turovsky R.F., Sukhova M.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1029">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1029</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья фокусируется на теме регионального неравенства в России. Рассматриваются два вида неравенства – экономическое и социальное – и анализируется влияние государственной политики на их динамику. Результаты исследования показывают, что в соответствии с теоретическими предположениями, характерными для развивающихся стран, экономический рост в российских условиях не ведет к снижению регионального экономического неравенства, а государственная политика в этой сфере имеет ограниченную эффективность. Можно говорить о региональной поляризации как следствии отдельных видов государственной политики (инвестиционной политики, распределения недискреционных трансфертов), в то время как выравнивающая политика (дотации на выравнивание бюджетной обеспеченности) слабо влияет на снижение неравенства. Таким образом, в экономической сфере достижением государственной политики можно признать сдерживание роста регионального неравенства, которое, однако, проявляется не постоянно. С точки зрения социальной политики в последние годы фиксируются противоречивые тренды. С одной стороны, в отдельных сферах государственная политика действительно более явным образом влияет на снижение регионального неравенства, однако во многих случаях это выравнивание происходит на фоне стагнации или ухудшения самих показателей. В частности, снижение неравенства между регионами свойственно для инфраструктурных и кадровых показателей в сферах образования и здравоохранения. В ряде примеров, напротив, зафиксирован рост неравенства, что свойственно для зарплатной политики. Причем в некоторых случаях рост неравенства становится обратной стороной улучшения общего уровня показателей, что демонстрирует показатель заработных плат врачей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article focuses on the topic of regional inequality in Russia. It considers two types of inequality – economic and social – and analyzes the impact of government policy on their dynamics. The results of the study show that, according to theoretical assumptions characterizing developing countries, economic growth in Russia does not lead to a reduction in regional economic inequality, and governmental policy in this area is of limited effectiveness. One can speak about regional polarization as a consequence of certain types of state policy (investment policy, distribution of nondiscretionary transfers), while the equalization policy (equalizing transfers) has low impact on reducing inequality. Thus, in the economic sphere, the achievement of the state policy can be recognized as the containment of the growth of regional inequality, which, however, is not constantly manifested. In terms of social policy, contradictory trends have been recorded in recent years. On the one hand, in some spheres the government policy does have a more obvious impact on the reduction of regional inequality, but on the other in many cases this equalization occurs against the background of stagnation or deterioration of the indicators themselves. In particular, the reduction of inequality between regions is characteristic of infrastructure and human resources indicators in the spheres of education and health care. In several examples, in contrast, there is an increase in inequality, which is characteristic of wages policy. In some cases, the growth of inequality becomes the reverse side of the improvement of the overall level of indicators, as demonstrated by the indicator of doctors’ salaries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>региональное неравенство</kwd><kwd>экономическая поляризация</kwd><kwd>государственная политика</kwd><kwd>региональная политика</kwd><kwd>межбюджетные трансферты</kwd><kwd>инвестиции</kwd><kwd>социальная политика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>regional inequality</kwd><kwd>economic polarization</kwd><kwd>public policy</kwd><kwd>regional policy</kwd><kwd>inter-budget transfers</kwd><kwd>investment</kwd><kwd>social policy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Статья подготовлена в рамках проекта «Социальная поляризация и региональная дифференциация в государстве: есть ли вызов для стабильности?» Лаборатории региональных политических исследований Факультета социальных наук НИУ ВШЭ.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The article was prepared within the framework of the project “Social Polarization and Regional Differentiation in the State: Is there a Challenge for Stability?”, National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow, Russia).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зубаревич Н.В. 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