politscienceПолитическая наукаPolitical science1998-1775ИНИОН РАН10.31249/poln/2024.02.15politscience-1087Research ArticleПЕРВАЯ СТЕПЕНЬНовые аспекты безопасности: установки граждан по вопросу информационного регулирования в РоссииNew aspects of security: citizens’ attitudes on the issue of information regulation in RussiaБочароваА. П.BocharovaA. P.

Бочарова Александра Павловна, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник Международной лаборатории исследований мирового порядка и нового регионализма

Москва

Bocharova Alexandra

Moscow

apbocharova@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation20242805202402Меняющиеся мировые порядки326347Copyright © Бочарова А.П., 20242024Бочарова А.П.Bocharova A.P.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1087

Эффективность государственной политики по обеспечению кибербезопасности и информационной безопасности напрямую зависит от того, насколько успешно такие меры будут соблюдаться гражданами на национальном уровне. В рамках данного исследования рассматривается влияние когнитивно-рациональных, ценностно-аффективных и социально-демографических факторов на поддержку респондентами проводимой государством политики в сфере информационного регулирования на примере выбранных кейсов регулирования социальных сетей и введения обязательной системы распознавания лиц в общественном транспорте. В ходе исследования применялся факторный опрос (N=395) с использованием виньеток, позволяющих рассмотреть эффекты фреймирования на восприятие респондентами предлагаемых мер. Анализ результатов эксперимента в данном исследовании показал, что фреймирование новостей путем убеждения населения оказать поддержку предложенным мерам в краткосрочном периоде не приводит к росту поддержки мер, в то время как факторы, оказывающие влияние на общественное восприятие, имеют менее изменчивый во времени характер и включают в себя гражданскую идентичность, доверие политической системе и оценку опасности киберугроз. Результаты исследования позволяют нам подтвердить гипотезу о прямой связи гражданской идентичности и поддержки рестриктивных мер, а также частично подтвердить предположение о том, что политическое доверие граждан и специфика восприятия киберугроз положительно влияют на поддержку введения мер. Кроме того, был получен интересный результат, связанный с неоднородностью поддержки государственных мер на различных уровнях политического доверия респондентов, что позволяет обозначить дальнейший потенциал исследований общественного восприятия таких мер с учетом доверия политической системе и отдельным политическим акторам (правительству, спецслужбам, армии и т.д.) в России.

The effectiveness of government policies to ensure cyber- and information security directly depends on how successfully such measures are followed by citizens at the national level. The author considers the influence of cognitive-rational, value-affective, and socio-demographic factors on respondents' support for government policy in the field of information regulation through selected cases of regulating social networks and introducing a mandatory face recognition system in public transport. In the course of the study, a factorial survey (N=395) was conducted using vignettes to examine the effects of framing on respondents' perception of the measures proposed. The analysis of the experimental results in this study shows that news framing to persuade the population to support the proposed measures does not lead in the short term to an increase in support for the measures. However, certain factors influencing public perception, such as civic identity, trust in the political system, and assessment of cyber threats danger, show less variability over time. The results of the study allow us to confirm the hypothesis of a direct connection between civic identity and support for restrictive measures, as well as partially confirm the assumption that the political trust of citizens and the specifics of perception of cyber threats positively influence support for the introduction of measures. In addition, the heterogeneity of support for government measures at various levels of political trust of respondents was revealed, therefore we can identify the further potential of research on public perception of such measures taking into account trust in the political system and individual political actors (government, special services, army, etc.) in Russia.

информационное регулированиеполитическая поддержкаинформационная безопасностьмеры рестриктивного регулированиядилемма «безопасность или приватность»восприятие киберугрозinformation regulationpolitical supportinformation securityrestrictive regulation measures“security vs privacy” dilemmaperception of cyber threatsСтатья подготовлена в рамках консорциума МГИМО МИД России и НИУ ВШЭ из средств гранта на реализацию программы стратегического академического лидерства «Приоритет-2030».The article was prepared within the consortium of MGIMO University and HSE University and funded by the grant for the implementation of the Priority 2030 Strategic Academic Leadership Program.ReferencesГригорян Л.К., Горинова Е.В. Факторный опрос: преимущества, область применения, практические рекомендации // Социальная психология и общество. – 2016. – № 7(2). – С. 142–157.Akbari A., Gabdulhakov R. Platform surveillance and resistance in Iran and Russia: the case of Telegram. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.