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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2024.03.06</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-1120</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАКУРСЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Процесс президенциализации Турции в период правления Р.Т. Эрдогана: возможности и ограничения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The presidentialization of Turkey during the administration of R.T. Erdogan: opportunities and limitations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахарев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakharev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахарев Анатолий Александрович, аспирант кафедры истории и теории политики факультета политологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bakharev Anatoly</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baharev-anatoliy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Парламентаризм в современном мире</issue-title><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бахарев А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бахарев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bakharev A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1120">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1120</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается эволюция турецкой формы правления как уникальный кейс стремительной президенциализации, отразившейся как на практическом содержании взаимоотношений между ветвями власти, так и на конституционных правилах игры в треугольнике «Президент – парламент – правительство». Специфика процесса президенциализации исследована в рамках неоинстуционального подхода. Анализу подвергаются конституционно-правовые аспекты взаимоотношений ветвей власти, исторические детерминанты, специфика партийной системы и взаимодействия главы государства и правительства, внешнее влияние. «Тропа зависимости» турецкой системы представлена исторической конкуренцией проектов персонификации власти, парламентаризма и военного правления. В начале XXI в. на смену периоду разрозненности партийной системы 1990-х пришло доминирование Партии справедливости и развития Р.Т. Эрдогана в легислатуре, что заложило основу для персонификации. После объединения государственных органов под контролем ПСР произошло последовательное снижение автономии премьер-министров. В конституционном измерении произошла трансформация институционального дизайна от парламентской республики к президенциализованной системе с монизмом исполнительной власти и установлением взаимозависимости политических судеб президента и парламента. Одним из условий успешности транзита явилась ликвидация политической роли и автономии военных институтов, которые на протяжении почти 100 лет выступали контролером общественного развития. К 2020-м годам ответом на концентрацию властных ресурсов в руках Р.Т. Эрдогана стала консолидация и рост представительства парламентской оппозиции в ВНСТ, что в сочетании с инерцией представления армии о собственной политической роли создает вероятность ревизии формы правления. Основными факторами устойчивости президен-циализованной формы правления выступают способность к преодолению проявлений социально-экономического кризиса, исторической инерции политической роли армии, кризиса лидерства при транзите президентской власти. Изучение выявленных в рамках исследования факторов президенциализации может быть использовано при анализе эволюции полупрезидентских республик, в том числе постсоветского пространства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the evolution of the Turkish form of government as a unique case of rapid presidentialization, reflected both in the practical content of the relationship between the branches of government and the constitutional rules of the game in the triangle «President – Parliament – government». The specifics of the process of presidentialization are investigated within the framework of a neoinstitutional approach. The constitutional and legal aspects of the relationship between the branches of government, historical determinants, the specifics of the party system and the interaction of the head of state and the government, and external influence are analyzed. The «path of dependence» of the Turkish system is represented by the historical competition of projects for the personification of power, parliamentarism and military rule. At the beginning of the XXI century, the period of fragmentation of the party system of the 1990 s was replaced by the dominance of the Justice and Development Party of R.T. Erdogan in the legislature, which laid the foundation for personification. After the consolidation of state bodies under the control of the AKP, there was a consistent decrease in the autonomy of prime ministers. In the constitutional dimension, there has been a transformation of the institutional design from a parliamentary republic to a presidentialized system with the monism of the executive branch and the establishment of the interdependence of the political destinies of the president and parliament. One of the conditions for the success of the transit was the elimination of the political role and autonomy of military institutions, which for almost 100 years acted as a controller of social development. By the 2020 s, the answer to the concentration of power resources in the hands of R.T. Erdogan's goal was to consolidate and increase the representation of the parliamentary opposition in the VNST, which, combined with the inertia of the army's view of its own political role, creates the likelihood of a revision of the form of government. The main factors of the stability of the presidentialized form of government will be the ability to overcome the manifestations of the socio-economic crisis, the historical inertia of the political role of the army, and the crisis of leadership during the transit of presidential power. The study of the factors of presidentialization identified in the framework of the study can be used in analyzing the evolution of semi-presidential republics, including the post-Soviet space.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>президенциализация</kwd><kwd>полупрезидентская республика</kwd><kwd>форма правления</kwd><kwd>президент</kwd><kwd>парламент</kwd><kwd>правительство</kwd><kwd>Турция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>presidentialization</kwd><kwd>semi-presidential republic</kwd><kwd>form of government</kwd><kwd>president</kwd><kwd>parliament</kwd><kwd>government</kwd><kwd>Turkey</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аватков В.А., Сбитнева А.И. 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