politscienceПолитическая наукаPolitical science1998-1775ИНИОН РАН10.31249/poln/2024.03.08politscience-1122Research ArticleИДЕИ И ПРАКТИКАФедеральное собрание как канал рекрутирования правительственной элиты РоссииThe Federal Assembly as a channel of recruitment of the Russian government eliteТевД. Б.TevD. B.

Тев Денис Борисович, кандидат социологических наук, старший  научный сотрудник

Санкт-Петербург

Tev Denis

St. Petersburg

denis_tev@mail.ruСоциологический институт РАН – филиал ФНИСЦ РАНРоссияSociological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences – a branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20243008202403Парламентаризм в современном мире185210Copyright © Тев Д.Б., 20242024Тев Д.Б.Tev D.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1122

Статья посвящена анализу роли парламентского опыта в предшествующей карьере членов правительства РФ. Эмпирической основой исследования служит биографическая база данных, включающая анкеты на 136 персон, входивших в правительство России в 2000–2021 гг. Автор делает вывод о том, что Федеральное собрание является второстепенным каналом рекрутирования правительственной элиты, которая в основном приходит из административных органов и нередко имеет опыт работы в бизнесе. Это неудивительно, поскольку парламент – слабый политический институт, контролируемый главой государства и не оказывающий большого влияния на формирование правительства. Впрочем, распространенность парламентского опыта варьируется в различных правительствах: относительно часто он встречается в кабинете М.М. Касьянова, втором правительстве В.В. Путина и первом правительстве Д.А. Медведева, тогда как у членов кабинета М.В. Мишустина он отсутствует вовсе.Члены правительства с законодательным опытом обычно работали на руководящих позициях в легислатуре: вице-спикеров, председателей комитетов и руководителей фракций. Распространенность парламентского опыта также варьируется в зависимости от типа правительственной должности: заместители председателя правительства чаще являются выходцами из легислатуры, чем министры, особенно экономические и силовые. Для вице-премьеров опыт работы на руководящих должностях в парламенте и партиях, вероятно, более важен в силу специфики их функций в правительстве и роли во внутриэлитных сетях и взаимодействиях.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of parliamentary experience in the previous career of the Russian Federation government members. The empirical basis of the study is a biographical database that includes questionnaires for 136 persons who were members of the Russian government in 2000–2021. The author concludes that the Federal Assembly is a secondary channel of recruitment of the government elite, which mainly comes from administrative bodies and often has experience in business. This is not surprising, since parliament is controlled by the head of state and has little influence on the formation of the government. However, the prevalence of parliamentary experience varies in different governments: it is relatively common in the cabinet of M.M. Kasyanov, the second government of V.V. Putin and the first government of D.A. Medvedev, while it is absent among members of the current cabinet M.V. Mishustin. Members of the government with legislative experience usually served in senior positions in the legislature: vice-speakers, chairmen of committees and leaders of factions. The prevalence of parliamentary experience also varies depending on the type of government position: deputy prime ministers are more likely to come from the legislature than economic and power ministers. For deputy prime ministers, experience in senior positions in parliament and parties is more important due to the specifics of their functions in government and their role in intra-elite networks and interactions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.