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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2025.01.01</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-1157</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОНТЕКСТ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Альтернативные подходы к моделированию мировых политических процессов и порядков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative approaches to modelling world political processed and orders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9969-1259</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильин Михаил Васильевич, доктор политических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник; профессор-исследователь Департамента политики и управления</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilyin Mikhail </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhaililyin48@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2887-2040</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веретевская</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veretevskaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Веретевская Анна Вячеславовна, кандидат политических наук, доцент кафедры сравнительной политологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veretevskaya Anna </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">veretevskaya.a@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт научной информации по общественным наукам (ИНИОН) РАН ; Институт Европы РАН; Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>INION ; Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences ; HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) Министерства иностранных дел Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Политическое моделирование и прогнозирование</issue-title><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильин М.В., Веретевская А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильин М.В., Веретевская А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilyin M.V., Veretevskaya A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1157">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1157</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены основания и принципы моделирования на примере разбора публикаций спецвыпуска журнала «Политическая наука», посвященного меняющимся мировым порядкам (№ 2, 2024). Проводится различение между моделированием в жизни и научных исследованиях. Освещается роль в политическом моделировании исследовательских вопросов, предмета, метода и мотивации исследований. Различаются явления и понятия о них, их опредмечиваине (reification, Verdinglichung), а также реальность, действительность и воображаемость моделируемых феноменов. Особое внимание уделяется просчетам, вызванным неконтролируемым принятием «мифа данного» (the myth of the given) и «мифа рамки» (the myth of the framework). Рассматриваются процессы очищения насыщения и укоренения моделей, связь этих процессов с симплекскомплекс трансформациями и трансдисциплинарными органонами-интеграторами – метретикой, морфетикой и семиозикой. На материале публикаций спецвыпуска по меняющимся мировым порядкам обсуждаются дополнительные возможности моделирования, в частности, построения динамических моделей, учитывающих синхронизацию и дисинхронизацию политических процессов. Обсуждается проблема формирования теоретико-методологического подхода к развитию и, в частности, предлагается выработка не абстрактной теории, а трансдисциплинарной научно-исследовательской программы, ориентированной на освоение расширенного эволюционного синтеза (evo-devo).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the grounds and principles of modelling with the example of the analysis of publications in the special issue of the journal “Political Science” devoted to the changing world orders (No. 2, 2024). A distinction is made between modelling in life and various scientific studies. The role of political modeling of research questions, subject, method and motivation of research is highlighted.A distinction is made between phenomena and their concepts, their reification and dereification, as well as the reality, actuality and imaginativeness of modeled phenomena. Particular attention is paid to the miscalculations caused by the uncontrolled acceptance of the myth of the given and the myth of the framework. The processes of purification of saturation and rooting of models, the connection of these processes with simplex-complex transformations and transdisciplinary organon integrators – metretics, morphetics and semiosics – are considered. Alternative possibilities of modelling are discussed (in particular: the construction of dynamic models that take into account the synchronization and dissynchronization of political processes). The problem of forming a theoretical and methodological approach to development is discussed. The authors propose to develop not an abstract theory, but a transdisciplinary research program focused on mastering the extended evolutionary synthesis (evo-devo).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>феномены</kwd><kwd>понятия</kwd><kwd>реальность</kwd><kwd>действительность</kwd><kwd>воображаемость</kwd><kwd>миф данного</kwd><kwd>миф рамки</kwd><kwd>трансдисциплинарные органоны-интеграторы</kwd><kwd>метретика</kwd><kwd>морфетика</kwd><kwd>семиозика</kwd><kwd>симплекс-комплекс трансформации</kwd><kwd>синхронизация</kwd><kwd>диссинхронизация</kwd><kwd>расширенный эволюционный синтез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>phenomena</kwd><kwd>concepts</kwd><kwd>reality</kwd><kwd>actuality</kwd><kwd>imaginability</kwd><kwd>myth of the given</kwd><kwd>myth of the frame</kwd><kwd>transdisciplinary organon-integrators</kwd><kwd>metretica</kwd><kwd>morphetics</kwd><kwd>semiosics</kwd><kwd>simplex-complex transformation</kwd><kwd>synchronization</kwd><kwd>dissynchronization</kwd><kwd>extended evolutionary synthesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдонин В.С. 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