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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2025.02.08</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-1181</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕИ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рутинизация представления о коллективной жертве как механизм поиска онтологической безопасности: случай Сербии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Routinisation of the victimhood as a mechanism of ontological security seeking: the case of Serbia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-9987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Растегаев</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rastegaev</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Растегаев Даниил Олегович, младший научный сотрудник Отдела политической науки</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rastegaev Daniil</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rastegaev.2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт научной информации по общественным наукам (ИНИОН) РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">INION<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Слова и символы как медиаторы в политике и политических исследованиях</issue-title><fpage>182</fpage><lpage>203</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Растегаев Д.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Растегаев Д.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rastegaev D.O.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1181">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1181</self-uri><abstract><p>Онтологическая безопасность макрополитического сообщест- ва сводится к безопасному ощущению сообществом себя-в-мире, выражаемому в предсказуемой социальной среде и в устойчивости представления о Себе в прошлом, настоящем и будущем. Механизм рутинизации постулируется теоретиками как многократное повторение определенных социальных действий, предназначенных для вытеснения коллективной тревожности и достижения тем самым состояния онтологической безопасности. Настоящая статья представляет одну из первых попыток концептуализации понятий «рутинизация» и «рутина» в теории онтологической безопасности в международных отношениях. Автором демонстрируется, что рутина – некое представление, воспроизводимое в ходе рутинизации. В эмпирической части работы автор рассматривает рутинизацию представления о Нас как о жертве на примере двух эпизодов сербского биографического нарратива – историй о Второй мировой войне и о Югославских войнах. Релевантность выбора предмета обосновывается наличием и результатами исследований, посвященных теме коллективной жертвы в сербской политике. Конструирование виктимологического нарратива о Второй мировой войне осуществляется за счет повышенного внимания к теме жертв среди мирного населения («мученики Ясеновацкие» или жертвы нацистского террора). В случае же Югославских войн аналогичная задача решается через коммеморацию травмирующих эпизодов национальной биографии (операция «Буря», бомбардировки НАТО) и через оспаривание факта причастности к массовым преступлениям («геноцид в Сребренице»), способной «размыть» рутинизируемое представление о коллективной жертве сербов. Показано, каким образом рутинизация представлений о коллективной жертве способствует укреплению онтологической безопасности Сербии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The ontological security of a macro-political community is understood as the community’s secure sense of being-in-the-world, expressed in a predictable social environment and in the stability of the representation of the Self in the past, present, and future. The mechanism of routinization is usually postulated by theorists as the repetition of certain social actions designed to bracket out the sense of collective anxiety and thereby become ontologically secure. The present article represents one of the first attempts to conceptualize the notions of “routinization” and “routine” in the theory of ontological security in international relations. The author demonstrates that routine is a kind of convention “established” through routinization. To unveil the practice of routinization, the author has chosen the victimhood as a routine for the Serbian macro-political community. The relevance of the category is substantiated by the existence and results of studies focusing on the victimhood in Serbian politics. The routinization of victimhood was examined on two cases: narratives on the World War II and the Yugoslav wars in contemporary Serbia. Victim representations of WWII are explicitly routinized through increased attention to civilian casualties (“Jasenovac Martyrs” or victims of Nazi terror). Victimhood in the Yugoslav wars is manifested both through the commemorations of traumatic episodes of national biography (Operation “Storm”, NATO bombings) and through the contestation of the fact of involvement in mass crimes (“genocide in Srebrenica”) that can “blur” the routinization of victimhood. Victimhood in WWII narrative is a consensus representation against the background of the existence of competing historical narratives. In relation to the Yugoslav Wars, the routinization of victimhood constitutes the main way in which the mechanism of “competition for victim status” is implemented. Hence, the routinization of victimhood contributes to ontological security seeking.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>онтологическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>рутина</kwd><kwd>рутинизация</kwd><kwd>статус жертвы</kwd><kwd>С. Милошевич</kwd><kwd>четники</kwd><kwd>Ясеновац</kwd><kwd>Сребреница</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ontological security</kwd><kwd>routine</kwd><kwd>routinization</kwd><kwd>victimhood</kwd><kwd>S. Milošević</kwd><kwd>Chetniks</kwd><kwd>Jasenovac</kwd><kwd>Srebrenica</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ефременко Д.В. «Скелеты в славянском шкафу». Контроверзы исторической памяти и нациестроительство в Сербии и Хорватии после распада СФРЮ // Полис. Политические исследования. – 2021. – № 5. – С. 127–145.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berenskoetter F. Parameters of a national biography. European journal of international relations. 2014, Vol. 20, N 1, P. 262–288. 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