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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2025.03.08</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-1201</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕИ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Электронное гражданское участие в России: от «электронной демократии» к «нервам государства»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Electronic citizen participation in Russia: from “e-democracy” to the “nerves of government”</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабанов</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabanov</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кабанов Юрий Андреевич, старший преподаватель департамента политологии и международных отношений, заместитель директора Центра технологий электронного правительстваСанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kabanov YurySt. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ykabanov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чугунов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chugunov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чугунов Андрей Владимирович, кандидат политических наук, директор Центра технологий электронного правительстваСанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chugunov AndreiSt. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chugunov@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панфилов</surname><given-names>Г. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panfilov</surname><given-names>G. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панфилов Георгий Олегович, аналитик Центра технологий электронного правительстваСанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Panfilov Georgiy</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">panfilovgeorg@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»;&#13;
Университет ИТМО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Многоуровневая политика и политико-территориальная гетерогенность</issue-title><fpage>182</fpage><lpage>205</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кабанов Ю.А., Чугунов А.В., Панфилов Г.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кабанов Ю.А., Чугунов А.В., Панфилов Г.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kabanov Y.A., Chugunov A.V., Panfilov G.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1201">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1201</self-uri><abstract><p>С 2020 г. система электронного гражданского участия в России становится все более централизованной, при этом все отчетливее проявляется ее роль в решении информационно-аналитических задач многоуровневого государственного управления. «Обратная связь» от граждан в форме индивидуальных жалоб и обращений может использоваться для мониторинга ситуации на местах и контроля за нижестоящими уровнями власти. Подобная «управленческая» логика расходится с ранними представлениями об «электронной демократии» как об инструменте развития общественной делиберации и гражданских компетенций участия. В статье рассмотрены ключевые этапы формирования подобной модели электронного участия в России на основе анализа официальных документов и интервью с экспертами и представителями органов власти. Данные интерпретируются через призму концепции множественных потоков и подходов исторического нового институционализма. Основной аргумент статьи заключается в том, что ключевые характеристики дизайна электронного участия как информационноаналитического и управленческого инструмента были заложены еще на начальной стадии становления этого института. Установленная в период «окна возможностей» 2009–2012 гг. «колея» во многом определила последующие организационные и технологические решения, включая преобладание индивидуализированных форм участия (жалоб, голосований, обращений) и идею создания централизованного портала участия. Когда «окно» закрылось, под влиянием изменений во внешней среде преобладавший на ранних этапах фрейминг электронного участия в контексте «электронной демократии» ушел на второй план, уступив место фреймингу в русле решения проблем и повышения эффективности многоуровневого управления. Это позволило институту не только сохраниться, но и повысить свою актуальность.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Since 2020, the system of e-participation in Russia has been increasingly centralizing, and its role in addressing the tasks of multilevel governance is becoming more profound. Citizens’ feedback in the form of individual complaints and appeals can be used to monitor the situation in the regions and municipalities and to control local bureaucrats. Such “administrative” logic diverges from earlier interpretations of electronic democracy as a tool for developing public deliberation and civic participation capabilities. The article examines the key stages in the formation of this e-participation model in Russia. The analysis is based on official documents and interviews with public officials, interpreted through the lens of the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF) and the Historical New Institutionalism. The main argument of the article is that the major design features of e-participation, as an information, analytical and administrative tool were established at the initial stage of its development. The path established during the period of the policy window from 2009 to 2012 largely determined subsequent organizational and technological solutions, including the predominance of individualized participation forms (complaints, voting) and the idea of a centralized e-participation portal. When the policy window closed, due to the changes in the political environment, the framing of e-participation in the context of e-democracy, which had prevailed earlier, steadily faded away, while the framing focused on problem solving and governance efficiency became predominant. This allowed the institution not only to survive but also to increase its relevance to the authorities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электронное участие</kwd><kwd>электронная демократия</kwd><kwd>многоуровневое управление</kwd><kwd>информационная асимметрия</kwd><kwd>концепция множественных потоков</kwd><kwd>демократические инновации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>e-participation</kwd><kwd>e-democracy</kwd><kwd>multilevel governance</kwd><kwd>information asymmetry</kwd><kwd>multiple streams framework</kwd><kwd>democratic innovations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-18-00364 «Институциональная трансформация управления электронным участием в России: исследование региональной специфики» (https://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00364/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 22-18-00364 “Institutional Transformation of E-Participation Governance in Russia: A Study of Regional Peculiarities” (https://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00364/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов В.Г. 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