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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2025.03.02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-1208</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОСТОЯНИЕ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Поддержание устойчивости и адаптация многоуровневых систем к внешним шокам</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Maintaining resilience and adapting multilevel systems to external shocks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорбалэ</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorbale</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорбалэ Алексей Борисович, кандидат политических наук, доцент департамента политологии и международных отношенийСанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sorbale Aleksei BorisovichSaint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asorbale@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стремоухов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stremoukhov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стремоухов Денис Александрович, кандидат политических наук, старший преподаватель департамента политологии и международных отношенийСанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stremoukhov Denis AleksandrovichSaint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dstremoukhov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевцова</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevtsova</surname><given-names>I. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевцова Ирина Константиновна, кандидат политических наук, доцент департамента политологии и международных отношенийСанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shevtsova Irina KonstantinovnaSaint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ishevtsova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">HSE University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Многоуровневая политика и политико-территориальная гетерогенность</issue-title><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сорбалэ А.Б., Стремоухов Д.А., Шевцова И.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сорбалэ А.Б., Стремоухов Д.А., Шевцова И.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sorbale A.B., Stremoukhov D.A., Shevtsova I.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1208">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1208</self-uri><abstract><p>Внешние шоки оказывают серьезное воздействие на качество управления и стабильность политических систем по всему миру. Концепт устойчивости (resilience), который до недавнего времени активно использовался только в естественно-научных исследованиях, стал важнейшим фокусом для политических ученых, изучающих воздействие кризисов на политические институты в различных страновых контекстах. В исследованиях причин сопротивляемости внешним шокам значительное место занимают исследования многоуровневого управления, где многоуровневость рассматривается как ключевой фактор, определяющий успех или провал адаптации государства к новой конъюнктуре.Адаптация многоуровневых политических систем к внешним шокам хорошо изучена на примере эффектов стихийных бедствий и пандемии COVID-19, где воздействие этих событий на процесс принятия решений в наиболее полном виде соответствует понятию «внешнего шока» и требует максимально быстрых реакций. В то же время найденные объяснения скорости и качества реакции многоуровневых систем на стихийные бедствия или пандемию не всегда подходят для объяснения адаптации государств к таким внешним шокам, как масштабные экономические санкции, поскольку последние не предполагают настолько быстрых и очевидных негативных последствий. Кроме того, последствия экономических санкций не всегда интерпретируются стейкхолдерами как «внешний шок», а нередко могут фреймироваться как рутинная политика.В данной статье мы представляем обзор существующих в социальных науках теоретических объяснений качества адаптации многоуровневых политических систем к внешним шокам. Кроме того, возможности и ограничения использования существующих теорий будут проиллюстрированы случаем адаптации сферы жилищной политики в российских регионах к новым экономическим условиям.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>External shocks affect the quality of governance and the stability of political systems around the world. The concept of resilience, which until recently was actively used only in natural science research, has become a key focus for political scientists studying the impact of crises on political institutions in various national contexts. In studies of the causes of resilience to external shocks, a significant place is occupied by studies of multi-level governance, where multi-levelness is considered as a key factor determining the success or failure of a state's adaptation to new conditions.Adaptation of multi-level political systems to external shocks has been profoundly examined using the example of the natural disasters effects and the COVID-19 pandemic, where the impact of these events on the decision-making process most fully corresponds to the concept of an “external shock” and requires the fastest possible responses. At the same time, the found explanations for the speed and quality of the response of multi-level systems to natural disasters or pandemics are not always suitable for explaining the adaptation of states to such external shocks as large-scale economic sanctions, since the latter do not imply such rapid and obvious negative consequences. In addition, the consequences of economic sanctions are not always interpreted by stakeholders as an “external shock”, but can often be framed as a routine policy. In this article, we attempt to generalize the existing theoretical explanations in the social sciences of the quality of adaptation of multi-level political systems to external shocks and assess their analytical capabilities for studying the adaptation of the Russian multi-level system to the consequences of economic sanctions in housing policy. The possibilities and limitations of using existing theories will be illustrated by the case of adaptation of the housing policy sphere in Russian regions to new economic conditions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>многоуровневое управление</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>российская политика</kwd><kwd>жилищная политика</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>внешние шоки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multilevel governance</kwd><kwd>resilience</kwd><kwd>Russian politics</kwd><kwd>housing policy</kwd><kwd>adapting</kwd><kwd>external shocks</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-28-01041, https://rscf.ru/project/25-28-01041/</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation № 25-28-01041, https://rscf.ru/project/25-28-01041/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бабейкин Р.В. 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