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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2026.01.02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-1289</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОСТОЯНИЕ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диверсификация предмета концепции размежеваний: от институционализации партийных систем к соперничеству в рамках актуальной повестки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diversifying the subject of cleavage theory: from the institutionalization of party systems to rivalry within the framework of the current agenda</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2131-8152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коргунюк</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korgunyuk</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коргунюк Юрий Григорьевич - доктор политических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, и.о. заведующего отделом политической науки.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury G. Korgunyuk.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">partinform@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт научной информации по общественным наукам (ИНИОН) РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>INION</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Изменения в электоральном ландшафте: структурные и институциональные факторы</issue-title><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коргунюк Ю.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коргунюк Ю.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korgunyuk Y.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1289">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1289</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье прослеживается диверсификация предмета исследовательского интереса концепции размежеваний. Отмечается, что ее первоначальная, институциональная, версия тесно связана с концепцией «заморозки» партийных систем как результата влияния сложившихся в прошлом социальных конфликтов на текущую расстановку политических сил. По мере того как начиная с 1990-х годов тезис о «заморозке» подвергался все большей критике со стороны приверженцев концепций «демобилизации» (dealignement) и «ремобилизации» (realignement) избирателей, внимание исследователей постепенно смещалось с социальной базы размежеваний на их политическое содержание. В рамках нового подхода речь велась уже не о социологических размежеваниях в духе Липсета и Роккана, а о «разделениях» (divides), измерениях (dimensions) и пр., необходимость выделения которых обусловливалась осознанием того, что социальные и политические противостояния пребывают в разных плоскостях и даже разных временных слоях: первые формируются медленно и носят в основном кумулятивный характер, тогда как вторые не слишком стабильны, легко отзываясь на внешние воздействия. Отмечается, что возрастающий интерес к политической стороне размежеваний породил внимание к формированию повестки (agenda) как пространству существования политических противостояний, внутри которого последние и встречаются с конфликтами социальных интересов. Делается предположение, что в актуальной повестке перспективнее изучать не то, что объединяет участников политической борьбы, а то, что их разделяет, поляризуя политическое пространство. Подобный подход ориентирует на выявление в этом пространстве максимального количества противостояний, которые – посредством факторного анализа территориальных различий в партийном голосовании – можно соотнести с показателями социальной дифференциации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article traces the evolution of cleavage theory over the past decades. It is noted that its original, institutional version was closely linked to the hypothesis of the “freezing” of party systems as a result of the influence of social conflicts of past eras on the balance of political forces. As the “freezing” thesis has increasingly come under criticism from proponents of the dealignement and realignement concepts since the 1990s, the attention of researchers has gradually shifted from the social basis of cleavages to their political content. Within the framework of the new approach, it was no longer a question of sociological cleavages proponed by Lipset and Rokkan, but of divisions, divides, dimensions, etc. The need to highlight them was due to the awareness that social and political confrontations lie in different planes and even different time layers: the former occur relatively slowly and are mainly cumulative in nature, while the latter are less stable and are easily subject to external influences. It is noted that the growing interest in the political side of cleavages has given rise to increasing attention to the formation of the agenda as a space for the existence of political divides, within which the latter encounter conflicts of social interests. It is suggested that in the current agenda, it is more promising to study not what unites the participants in the political struggle, but what divides them, polarizing the political space. This approach aims to identify in the latter the maximum number of confrontations that, based on the results of a factor analysis of territorial differences in party voting, can be correlated with indicators of social differentiation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>концепция размежеваний</kwd><kwd>гипотеза о «заморозке» партийных систем</kwd><kwd>концепции «демобилизации» и «ремобилизации» избирателей</kwd><kwd>теория проблемных измерений</kwd><kwd>формирование политической повестки</kwd><kwd>электоральные размежевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cleavage theory</kwd><kwd>party system freezing hypothesis</kwd><kwd>voter dealignment and realignment concepts</kwd><kwd>issue dimension theory</kwd><kwd>agenda setting</kwd><kwd>electoral cleavages</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ильин М.В., Остапенко Г.И. 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