politscienceПолитическая наукаPolitical science1998-1775ИНИОН РАН10.31249/poln/2026.02.03politscience-1400Research ArticleКОНТЕКСТДетерминанты восприятия достоверности социальных медиа vs традиционных СМИ: эмпирический анализDeterminants of perceived credibility of social media vs traditional media: an empirical analysisМухаметовР. С.MukhametovR. S.

Мухаметов Руслан Салихович, кандидат политических наук, доцент кафедры политических наук

Екатеринбург

Mukhametov Ruslan

Yekaterinburg

muhametov2007@yandex.ruУральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. ЕльцинаРоссияUral Federal UniversityRussian Federation20263105202602Исследования политических коммуникаций: новые вызовы4370Copyright © Мухаметов Р.С., 20262026Мухаметов Р.С.Mukhametov R.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/1400

Исследование направлено на сравнительный анализ факторов, которые определяют доверие граждан к социальным и традиционным медиа. Используя данные двух онлайн-опросов, проведенных в рамках международного проекта «Ценности в кризисе» (The Values in Crisis Project), работа предлагает комплексный анализ социально-демографических, поведенческих, ценностных и идеологических характеристик респондентов, которые влияют на уровень доверия к различным типам медиаресурсов. Результаты свидетельствуют, что доверие к цифровым и традиционным медиа определяется преимущественно ценностномировоззренческими установками, тогда как демографические характеристики оказывают слабое влияние. Показано, что приверженность религиозным нормам и левые политические взгляды коррелируют с бо́ льшим доверием к традиционным СМИ, в то время как постматериалистические ценности, правая ориентация и высокий уровень межличностного доверия ассоциируются с предпочтением социальных сетей как более достоверного источника информации. Автор отмечает, что доверие к социальным медиа последовательно возрастает в старших возрастных группах, что может отражать успешную цифровую адаптацию. Научная новизна работы состоит в построении интегративной модели медиадоверия, объединяющей религиозность, политическую ориентацию, постматериалистические ценности и межличностное доверие. Исследование показывает, что восприятие достоверности медиа обусловлено культурными и ценностными координатами, а не только социально-структурными или технологическими факторами. Результаты могут быть полезны при проектировании медийных стратегий и в исследованиях информационного доверия в цифровой среде.

This study aims to identify the factors shaping citizens’ perceptions of the credibility of social media in comparison with traditional mass media. Drawing on data from two online surveys conducted within the Values in Crisis Project, the article offers a comprehensive analysis of the socio-demographic, behavioral, value-based, and ideological characteristics that influence respondents’ trust in different types of media sources. The findings indicate that value- and worldview-related orientations play a central role in shaping trust in both digital and traditional channels, whereas demographic variables possess limited explanatory power. Individuals who are more religious and left-leaning tend to exhibit greater trust in traditional media, while postmaterialists, right-leaning groups, and respondents with higher levels of interpersonal trust are more inclined to perceive social networks as a more credible source of information. A notable and unexpected contribution to the analytical model is the steady increase in trust toward social media among older age cohorts, suggesting ongoing digital adaptation and the accumulation of positive experiences with online platforms. The study’s scholarly contribution lies in the integration of religiosity, political orientation, postmaterialist values, and interpersonal trust into a unified model for explaining media trust. The results indicate that perceptions of media credibility emerge at the intersection of cultural identities and value orientations rather than being determined solely by social status or levels of digital competence. These findings may inform the development of media communication strategies and support further research on the mechanisms underlying trust in information sources.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.