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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-390</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОНТЕКСТ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Партия и власть в современной России: между представительством и мобилизацией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Party and power: Between representation and mobilization in contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саква</surname><given-names>Ричард</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakwa</surname><given-names>R. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">R.Sakwa@kent.ac.uk</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Школа политики и международных отношений, Колледж Рузерфорда, Университет Кента</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Партии в соревновательных и несоревновательных политических системах</issue-title><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саква Р..., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саква Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sakwa R...</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/390">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/390</self-uri><abstract><p>О причинах недоразвития российской партийной системы можно спорить, но следует признать, что в 2000-х годах внутри нее произошли значительные изменения. Система стала более управляемой и рационализированной. Количество партий резко сократилось, но те, которые выжили, укрепили свои позиции. Кроме того, режим стал идентифицировать себя с одной крупной партией, «Единой Россией», хотя его отношения с ней были не так просты. В России действует суперпрезидентская модель доминирования исполнительной власти, а в целом ее государственный строй можно охарактеризовать как систему доминирующей власти. Защищая свою автономию, эта система сопротивлялась возникновению доминантной партийной системы. Режимная партия и ее союзники служили скорее инструментами политической мобилизации, нежели представительства, роль же оппозиции была сведена к минимуму. Вместе с тем дуалистический характер политического устройства способствовал развитию противоречий, которые сделали возможным укрепление позиций конституционного государства и одновременно усилили представительскую роль политических партий. Ускоренные политические реформы, последовавшие за дефектными парламентскими выборами декабря 2011 г., были направлены на ограничение административного произвола и создание более конкурентной политической среды.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The reasons for the under-development of the Russian party system remain contested, yet significant changes took place in the 2000 s. The system became more regulated and streamlined. There were far fewer parties, but the rights of those that survived were consolidated. Above all, the regime identified itself with a single major party, United Russia, although the relationship between the regime and the party was problematical. Russia practises a heavily presidential model of executive dominance, but the polity is characterized by a dominant power system. This system was careful to preserve its autonomy, and thus guarded against the emergence of a dominant party system. The regime party and its allies acted less as instruments of representation than as tools to achieve political mobilisation, and by the same token the role of political opposition was marginalised. However, the dual state character of the political order allowed contradictions to develop that made possible the strengthening of the constitutional state, and with it a greater autonomous representative role for political parties. The accelerated political reforms following the flawed December 2011 parliamentary elections sought to limit the arbitrariness of the administrative regime to permit the emergence of a more genuinely competitive political environment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>система доминирующей власти</kwd><kwd>«Единая Россия»</kwd><kwd>дуалистическое государство</kwd><kwd>политическая конкуренция</kwd><kwd>dominant power system</kwd><kwd>United Russia</kwd><kwd>dual state</kwd><kwd>political competition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макаренко Б. «Нанопартийная» система // Pro et Contra. - М., 2007. - Том 11, № 4-5. - C. 43-57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Макаренко Б. «Нанопартийная» система // Pro et Contra. - М., 2007. - Том 11, № 4-5. - C. 43-57.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Россия на новом переломе: страхи и тревоги / Под ред. 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