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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-514</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕИ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кто и как начал Первую мировую войну?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Who and how did start the First World War?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимова</surname><given-names>Евгения Артемовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimova</surname><given-names>Evgeniia</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zhe-efimova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конюхов</surname><given-names>Никита Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konyukhov</surname><given-names>Nikita</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">konyukhov.na@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панфилов</surname><given-names>Денис Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panfilov</surname><given-names>Denis</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">panfilovdenis27@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИУ ВШЭ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research University Higher School of Economics<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>Государства в современном мире: Новые подходы к исследованию</issue-title><fpage>285</fpage><lpage>298</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ефимова Е.А., Конюхов Н.А., Панфилов Д.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ефимова Е.А., Конюхов Н.А., Панфилов Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Efimova E., Konyukhov N., Panfilov D.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/514">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/514</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проблематизируется начало Первой мировой войны на основе концепции вложенного перформатива. Нарастание мирового кризиса представлено как три последовательно усложнявшиеся формы войны - вызов человека государству, война государства против государства и война всех против всех.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper discusses the First World War's outbreak using the concept of nested performative as basis. Escalation of worldwide crisis is considered as three forms of war sequentially becoming more complex - a person challenging the state, war between two states and war of all against all.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перформативный анализ</kwd><kwd>вложенный перформатив</kwd><kwd>Первая мировая война</kwd><kwd>начало войны</kwd><kwd>performative analysis</kwd><kwd>nested performative</kwd><kwd>World War I</kwd><kwd>outbreak of war</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collected documents relating to the outbreak of the European war. - L.: H.M. Stationery Office: Harrison and Sons Printers, 1915. - 598 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Collected documents relating to the outbreak of the European war. - L.: H.M. 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