politscienceПолитическая наукаPolitical science1998-1775ИНИОН РАНpolitscience-61Research ArticleСтатьиПартии и демократия в постиндустриальную эруThe party and democracy in the post-industrial eraИгнациПьероpiero.ignazi@unibo.itIgnaziP. .noemail@neicon.ruУниверситет Болоньи (Италия)Russian Federation20101105202304Политические партии, демократия и качество государственного управления в современном обществе4976Copyright © Игнаци П., Ignazi P..., 20232023Игнаци П., Ignazi P...Игнаци П., Ignazi P...Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/61

В статье утверждается, что партии, адаптируясь к меняющемуся окружению, теряют легитимность. В процессе движения к «текучему» обществу или обществу постмодерна партии были вынуждены каким-то образом реагировать на сокращение ресурсов, вызванное уменьшением количества членов, перед лицом растущих организационных расходов. Решение было найдено в прониковении в государство для использования его ресурсов на собственное благо. Чтобы получать больше oбщественных средств, партиям пришлось расширить партонажную составляющую своей деятельности. Но это расширение негативно отразилось на символических и колективных стимулах членства, имеющих решающее значение для легитимности партий. Таким образом партии попали в заколдованный круг: чем больше ресурсов они получают, тем больше теряют доверие и легитимность.

This paper argues that parties are losing legitimacy because of their adaptation to the changing environment. In the passage towards the post-modern or «liquid» society parties had to respond to the shrinking of their resources produced by a decreasing membership in front of rising organizational costs. The solution to parties' difficulties has been found in penetrating the state precisely to exploit its resources to their benefit. In order to acquire more public resources they have to expand the patronage side of their activity. But this expansion has the negative effect of depressing the parties' symbolic and collective incentives for membership, so crucial to the parties' legitimacy. In this way parties are trapped into a vicious circle: more resources they acquire, the more they lose confidence and legitimacy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.