politscienceПолитическая наукаPolitical science1998-1775ИНИОН РАНpolitscience-617Research ArticleПЕРВАЯ СТЕПЕНЬВ поисках единой теории коалиционного строительства: От методологического национализма к методологическому регионализмуIn search for a unified theory of coalition construction: From methodological nationalism to methodological regionalismКлимовичСтанислав АндреевичKlimovichStanislavsklimovich@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет Высшая школа экономикиРоссияNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsRussian Federation20181205202301Будущее политической науки249268Copyright © Климович С.А., 20232023Климович С.А.Klimovich S.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/617

Исследование коалиций считается одним из самых теоретически проработанных и динамичных направлений в политической науке и разрабатывается в рамках сразу нескольких подходов. Каждый из них выступает основой для формирования моделей и концепций, объяснительная и прогностическая способность которых ограничена заданными методологическими рамками. Сегодня на повестку ставится вопрос о создании единой теории коалиционного строительства, которая могла бы примирить между собой и объединить существующие модели. Большим вызовом для исследования коалиций выступает доминирование «методологического национализма» в качестве отправной точки для анализа коалиционного строительства. Появление всё большего числа исследований субнациональных политических процессов, в том числе коалиционного строительства, демонстрирует начинающийся переход к «методологическому регионализму». Ответом на обозначенные вызовы может стать создание единой, но «децентрализованной» теории коалиционного строительства, которая будет формироваться сразу в двух измерениях: горизонтальном - интеграция теоретико-игровых моделей, а также моделей, построенных в рамках теории рационального выбора и нового институционализма; и вертикальном - разработка и применение инструментария, подходящего для объяснения коалиционного строительства на национальном, региональном и локальном уровнях власти. В данной статье продолжается поиск аргументов в пользу единой теории коалиций, а также предлагаются методико-теоретические наработки, которые могут быть использованы при ее создании.

Study of coalition formation which is one of the most developed and dynamic in political science builds upon several methodological approaches. Once chosen, each approach not only provides a basis for models and concepts, but also imposes limitations on its explanatory and predictive powers. Creation of a single theory of coalition formation integrating current models and concepts is on the agenda today. The domination of «methodological nationalism» as starting point for coalition analysis is a major challenge for coalition formation study. Yet emerging studies of subnational politics and regional coalition formation illustrates a shift towards «methodological regionalism». A single but «decentralized» theory may respond to these challenges, which will develop in two dimensions: it will horizontally integrate game-theoretic, rational choice and institutional models; and it will vertically elaborate analytical tools to explain coalition formation at national, regional and local levels. This article is a further contribution to arguments in favor of a single coalition formation theory and contains some assumptions it can be based on.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.