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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2019.04.11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-733</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАКУРСЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Институт президентской власти в США: нарастающая дисфункциональность</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Institute of presidential power in the USA: in search of a model of modern identity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Травкина</surname><given-names>Наталия Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Travkina</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">travkina.n.m@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ИСКРАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of USA and Canada, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>Институт президентства в современном мире</issue-title><fpage>262</fpage><lpage>283</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Травкина Н.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Травкина Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Travkina N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/733">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/733</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей статье анализируются нарастающие проблемы функционирования института президентской власти в США в первой трети ХХI в. Подчеркивается, что современные особенности поиска модели ролевых функций президента определяются двумя основными факторами: исторической традицией появления «великих» американских президентов и постепенным возрастанием роли президента США как мирового лидера «коллективного Запада». Этот статус резко расширяет сферу ответственности и шкалу оценок эффективности деятельности президента как главы исполнительной власти. В результате общим итогом деятельности многих американских администраций стало нарастание синдрома «дисфункциональности» института президентской власти, выражающейся в неспособности Белого дома одновременно решать все усложняющийся комплекс внутренних и внешних проблем, встающих перед США, особенно в условиях глобализации. Вследствие невозможности соблюдения баланса внутри- и внешнеполитических проблем в XXI в. все большую роль начинает играть феномен «имперского президентства», который определяется как систематический выход института президента за пределы, установленные Конституцией США. Особенно сильно феномен «имперского президентства» заявил о себе в годы пребывания у власти президента Д. Трампа (2017-2019). Делается вывод о том, что, будучи избранным на высшую государственную должность с модельным образом президента первой трети XIX в. Э. Джексона (1829-1837), Д. Трамп сравнительно быстро столкнулся с ситуацией хронического кризиса своей президентской идентичности вследствие необходимости стать одновременно «великим» американским президентом» и наиболее авторитетным американским мировым лидером новейшего исторического периода. В итоге Д. Трамп оказался в своеобразной исторической ловушке, сумев провести за первые годы пребывания у власти всего одну масштабную реформу - в сфере федерального налогообложения - и вступив одновременно в серьезные внешнеполитические конфликты, далекие от своего разрешения, со всеми центрами мировой политики, включая даже ближайших географических соседей США - Мексику и Канаду.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article analyzes the growing problems of the functioning of the institution of presidential power in the United States in the first third of the twenty-first century. It is emphasized that the modern features of the search for the role-playing model of the president are determined by two main factors: the historical tradition of the emergence of the «great» American presidents and the gradual increase in the role of the US president as the world leader of the «collective West». The latter role dramatically expands the sphere of responsibility and the scale of assessments of the effectiveness of the president’s activities as head of the executive branch of government. As a result, the general result of the activities of many US administrations and presidents was the growing dysfunctional syndrome of the institution of presidential power, expressed in the inability of the White House to simultaneously solve the increasingly complex of internal and external problems facing the United States, especially in the context of globalization. As a consequence of the inability to maintain a balance of domestic and foreign policy problems in the XXI century. the phenomenon of the «imperial presidency», which is defined as the systematic exit of the institution of presidential power beyond the limits established by the US Constitution, begins to play an increasing role. The phenomenon of the «imperial presidency» was especially pronounced during the years when President D. Trump was in power (2017-2019). It is concluded that by electing the presidency with the model image of the president of the first third of the XIX century. E. Jackson (1829-1837), D. Trump relatively quickly found himself in a situation of chronic crisis of his presidential identity due to the need to become at the same time the «great» American president and the most authoritative American World leader of the newest historical period. As a result, D. Trump found himself in a kind of historical trap, having managed to carry out only one large-scale reform in the field of federal taxation during the first years in power, and simultaneously entered into serious foreign policy conflicts, far from being resolved, with all the centers of world politics, including even the closest geographic neighbors of the United States - Mexico and Canada.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>политическая система США</kwd><kwd>функции института президентской власти</kwd><kwd>мессианство</kwd><kwd>Д. Трамп</kwd><kwd>«имперское президентство»</kwd><kwd>налоговая реформа 2017 г</kwd><kwd>комиссия Р. Мюллера</kwd><kwd>functions of the institute of presidential power</kwd><kwd>messianism</kwd><kwd>D. Trump</kwd><kwd>«imperial presidency»</kwd><kwd>world leadership</kwd><kwd>tax reform in 2017</kwd><kwd>commission R. Muller</kwd><kwd>political system of the USA</kwd><kwd>мировое лидерство</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильев В.С., Соколов М.М. Налоговые реформы Р. Рейгана и Д. Трампа: эволюция приоритетов // США и Канада: экономика, политика, культура. - 2018. - № 8 (584). - C. 5-25. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/s032120680000356-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Васильев В.С., Соколов М.М. Налоговые реформы Р. Рейгана и Д. Трампа: эволюция приоритетов // США и Канада: экономика, политика, культура. - 2018. - № 8 (584). - C. 5-25. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/s032120680000356-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Травкина Н.М. США: меняющийся алгоритм развития. - М: Весь мир, 2018. - 264 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Травкина Н.М. 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