politscienceПолитическая наукаPolitical science1998-1775ИНИОН РАНpolitscience-74Research ArticleСтатьиНАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ ВО ФРАНЦИИ, ГЕРМАНИИ И США: СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СПОРЫNational identity in France, Germany, and the United States: the recent debateСафранУильямSafran@Colorado.EDU <http://win.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?compose&To=Safran@Colorado.EDU>SafranW. .noemail@neicon.ruКолумбийский университет, Университет КолорадоRussian Federation20111105202301Этничность и политика6497Copyright &#x00A9; Сафран У., Safran W..., 20232023Сафран У., Safran W...Сафран У., Safran W...Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/74

Статья посвящена трем странам, где идут особенно интенсивные дискуссии о национальной идентичности. У Франции, Германии и США есть ряд общих черт: ослабление традиционных авторитетов, вызовы мультикультурализма, упадок главной религии. Эти тенденции представляют угрозу национальной сплоченности и ведут к появлению «блоков по принципу идентичности» («identitarian blocks»), которые захватывают лидерство в борьбе против роста этнических и/или религиозных меньшинств. В статье рассматривается общее и особенное в этих дискуссиях, анализируются изменение представлений о нации и соотношение между аскриптивными (предписывающими на основании внешних признаков) и конструктивистскими подходами к членству в политическом сообществе.

This article focuses on three countries where the debate on national identity has been particularly intense. France, Germany, and the USA share a number of features: the weakening of traditional authority, the challenge of multiculturalism, and the decline of the majority religion. These developments have posed threats to national cohesion and led to the rise of «identitarian blocs», which have taken the lead in opposing the growth of ethnic and/or religious minorities. The article discusses similarities and differences in the tenor of the debate, the evolving views of the nation, and the relationship between ascriptive and constructivist approaches to membership in the political community.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.