<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2021.03.07</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-812</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАКУРСЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хештеги, нарративы и банальный национализм (на примере кряшенского движения)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hastags, narratives and banal nationalism (a case study of the Kryashens’ movement)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денисов Андрей Евгеньевич, кандидат политических наук, научный сотрудник Центра исламоведческих исследований</p><p>Казань</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Count-Denisov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия наук Республики&#13;
Татарстан</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Цифровизация политики</issue-title><fpage>161</fpage><lpage>182</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Денисов А.Е., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Денисов А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Denisov A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/812">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/812</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу такого современного инструмента политического участия в сети интернет, как хештеги. В основу исследования положены нарративный анализ и теория банального национализма (как в интерпретации М. Биллинга, так и в видении Дж. Фокса). Нарративный анализ в статье рассматривается с точки зрения практико-ориентированного подхода, который направлен на непосредственное социальное взаимодействие. В центре этого взаимодействия находится человек (в данном случае представитель этнической группы), который одновременно и испытывает на себе влияние этнически значимых символов, и их создает. Нарратив уже здесь выступает как результат осмысления этнически значимых символов в сознании людей. Происходит это через анализ событий, которые были или сейчас развиваются внутри или около этнического движения (в том числе и с помощью политических мифов, связанных с историей данной этнической группы). Целью статьи является определение места и роли хештегов в развитии национальных движений (на примере кряшенского движения). Автор выявляет положение хештегов относительно таких единиц анализа как «этнически значимые символы» и «нарратив». В исследовании говорится о хештегах как о достаточно новом инструменте политического участия. В качестве примера выбрано кряшенское движение, поскольку оно характеризуется достаточно развитыми дискурсивными практиками. Дается подробный обзор кряшенских хештегов и приводится их классификация на основе предложенных Алисой Дайер, Реббекой Хоффман и Сет Гудманом видов хештегов. Особое внимание уделяется теории банального национализма и подчеркивается, что функционал хештегов достаточно хорошо может быть объяснен данной теорией. В заключение автор предлагает таблицу моделей кряшенских хештегов с ключевыми характеристиками (тип хештега, вид признания, интерпретация банального национализма по М. Биллингу или Дж. Фоксу, роль хештега в движении) и выделенными закономерностями для кряшенского движения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the analysis of a modern tool of political participation in the Internet as hashtags. The study is based on the narrative analysis and the theory of banal nationalism (both in the interpretation of M. Billing and in the vision of J. Fox). The narrative analysis, provided in the article, is considered from the viewpoint of a practice-oriented approach, which is aimed at direct social interaction. The core element of this interaction is a person (in a given case, a representative of an ethnic group) who simultaneously experiences the influence of ethnically significant symbols and creates them. The narrative appears here as a result of the appreciation of ethnically significant symbols in the minds of people. This happens through the analysis of events that have taken place or are now taking place within or around the ethnic movement (including with the help of political myths associated with the history of this ethnic group). The purpose of the article is to study the place and role of hashtags in the development of national movements (a case study of the Kryashens' movement). The author seeks to identify the position of hashtags in relation to such units of analysis as “ethnically significant symbols” and “narrative”. The study talks about hashtags as a new enough tool for political participation. The Kryashen front was opted as an example because the discursive practices are quite well developed within this community. The article provides a detailed overview of the existing Kryashen hashtags and gives their classification based on the types of hashtags proposed by Alice Daer, Rebbecca Hoffman and Seth Goodman. The study pays special attention to the theory of banal nationalism and emphasizes that the functionality of hashtags can be explained quite well by this theory. In conclusion, the author proposes a table of models of Kryashen hashtags with key characteristics (type of hashtag, type of recognition, interpretation of banal nationalism according to M. Billing or J. Fox, the hashtag's role in the movement) and highlighted patterns for the Kryashen movement.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>банальный национализм</kwd><kwd>интернет</kwd><kwd>кряшены</kwd><kwd>нарратив</kwd><kwd>национальное движение</kwd><kwd>политическое участие</kwd><kwd>символ</kwd><kwd>хештег</kwd><kwd>этнически значимый символ</kwd><kwd>этнополитическая мобилизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>banal nationalism</kwd><kwd>the Internet</kwd><kwd>Kryashen</kwd><kwd>narrative</kwd><kwd>national movement</kwd><kwd>political participation</kwd><kwd>symbol</kwd><kwd>hashtag</kwd><kwd>ethnically significant symbol</kwd><kwd>ethnopolitical mobilization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Achkasov V.A. The role of "enemy image" in the ethno-political mobilization processes. Political expertise: POLITEX. 2016, Т. 12, N 1, P. 106-128. (In Russ.). EDN: WKBFPV</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Achkasov V.A. The role of "enemy image" in the ethno-political mobilization processes. Political expertise: POLITEX. 2016, Т. 12, N 1, P. 106-128. (In Russ.).  EDN: WKBFPV</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Achkasov V.A. Ethno-political mobilization: an attempt to conceptualize the idea.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Achkasov V.A. Ethno-political mobilization: an attempt to conceptualize the idea.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Series 6. Philosophy. Culturology. Political science. Law. International relationships. 2014, N 3, P. 81-89. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Series 6. Philosophy. Culturology. Political science. Law. International relationships. 2014, N 3, P. 81-89. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agustín Ó.G. (ed.). Catalan independence and the crisis of sovereignty. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, 260 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agustín Ó.G. (ed.). Catalan independence and the crisis of sovereignty. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, 260 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aouragh M. Palestine online: transnationalism, the Internet and the construction of identity. New York: I.B. Tauris, 2011, 288 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aouragh M. Palestine online: transnationalism, the Internet and the construction of identity. New York: I.B. Tauris, 2011, 288 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Armstrong J. Nations before nationalism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina press, 1982, 411 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Armstrong J. Nations before nationalism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina press, 1982, 411 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barassi V., Zamponi L. Social media time, identity narratives and the construction of political biographies. Social movement studies. 2020, Vol. 19, N 5-6, P. 592-608. DOI: 10.1080/14742837.2020.1718489 EDN: QQTEHF</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barassi V., Zamponi L. Social media time, identity narratives and the construction of political biographies. Social movement studies. 2020, Vol. 19, N 5-6, P. 592-608.  DOI: 10.1080/14742837.2020.1718489  EDN: QQTEHF</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belorussova S.Y. SilaKryashen: the virtual life of an unrecognized people. Siberian historical research. 2019, N 2, P. 41-63. 10.17223/2312461X/24/3 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17223/2312461X/24/3(InRuss.) EDN: XCUBPV</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belorussova S.Y. SilaKryashen: the virtual life of an unrecognized people. Siberian historical research. 2019, N 2, P. 41-63. 10.17223/2312461X/24/3 (In Russ.).  DOI: 10.17223/2312461X/24/3(InRuss.)  EDN: XCUBPV</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belorussova S., Danilova E., Sysoeva M. Hastages and ethnicity. Etnografia. 2020, N 3, P. 33-61. 10.31250/2618-8600-2020-3(9)-33-61 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.31250/2618-8600-2020-3(9)-33-61(InRuss.) EDN: AZDRKY</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belorussova S., Danilova E., Sysoeva M. Hastages and ethnicity. Etnografia. 2020, N 3, P. 33-61. 10.31250/2618-8600-2020-3(9)-33-61 (In Russ.).  DOI: 10.31250/2618-8600-2020-3(9)-33-61(InRuss.)  EDN: AZDRKY</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Billing M. Banal nationalism. London: Sage publication, 1995, 200 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Billing M. Banal nationalism. London: Sage publication, 1995, 200 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bruner J. The narrative construction of reality. Critical inquiry. 1991, Vol. 18, N 1, P. 1-21. DOI: 10.1086/448619</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bruner J. The narrative construction of reality. Critical inquiry. 1991, Vol. 18, N 1, P. 1-21.  DOI: 10.1086/448619</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castells M. The information age: economy, society and culture. Moscow: Higher School of Economics, 2000, 608 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castells M. The information age: economy, society and culture. Moscow: Higher School of Economics, 2000, 608 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chadwick A., May C. Interaction between states and citizens in the age of Internet:"e-government" in the United States, Britain and the European Union. Governance. International journal of policy, administration, and institutions. 2003, Vol. 16, N 2, P. 271-300. DOI: 10.1111/1468-0491.00216</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chadwick A., May C. Interaction between states and citizens in the age of Internet:"e-government" in the United States, Britain and the European Union. Governance. International journal of policy, administration, and institutions. 2003, Vol. 16, N 2, P. 271-300.  DOI: 10.1111/1468-0491.00216</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Fina A., Georgakopoulou A. Analyzing narrative: discourse and sociolinguistic perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge university press, 2012, 223 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Fina A., Georgakopoulou A. Analyzing narrative: discourse and sociolinguistic perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge university press, 2012, 223 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Fina A, Georgakopoulou A. (eds). The handbook of narrative analysis. Oxford: John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2019, 472 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Fina A, Georgakopoulou A. (eds). The handbook of narrative analysis. Oxford: John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2019, 472 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denisov А.Е. Practice of ethnic mobilization through John Hutchinson's theory of nationalism (a case study of the Kryashens' movement). Bulletin of Perm university. Political science. 2017, N 4, P. 49-61. (In Russ.). EDN: XSANRZ</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denisov А.Е. Practice of ethnic mobilization through John Hutchinson's theory of nationalism (a case study of the Kryashens' movement). Bulletin of Perm university. Political science. 2017, N 4, P. 49-61. (In Russ.).  EDN: XSANRZ</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denisov А.Е. "Kryashen question" in the All-Russian census of 2002: the attempt to politicize ethnicity. RUDN journal of political science. 2018, N 3, P. 323-333. 10.22363/2313-1438-2018-20-3-323-333 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.22363/2313-1438-2018-20-3-323-333(InRuss.) EDN: YNAJYL</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denisov А.Е. "Kryashen question" in the All-Russian census of 2002: the attempt to politicize ethnicity. RUDN journal of political science. 2018, N 3, P. 323-333. 10.22363/2313-1438-2018-20-3-323-333 (In Russ.).  DOI: 10.22363/2313-1438-2018-20-3-323-333(InRuss.)  EDN: YNAJYL</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denisov А.Е. Symbols of the Kryashen national movement in the context of Charles Taylor's politics of recognition. Bulletin of Perm university. Political science. 2019, Vol. 13, N 3, P. 88-97. DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2019-3-88-98 EDN: OYMOXP</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denisov А.Е. Symbols of the Kryashen national movement in the context of Charles Taylor's politics of recognition. Bulletin of Perm university. Political science. 2019, Vol. 13, N 3, P. 88-97.  DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2019-3-88-98  EDN: OYMOXP</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denisov А.Е. Religious revival as basis of the modern Kryashen national movement. The journal of political theory, political philosophy and sociology of politics Politeia. 2020, N 4, P. 176-191. 10.30570/2078-5089-2020-99-4-176-191 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2020-99-4-176-191(InRuss.) EDN: RHAAMO</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denisov А.Е. Religious revival as basis of the modern Kryashen national movement. The journal of political theory, political philosophy and sociology of politics Politeia. 2020, N 4, P. 176-191. 10.30570/2078-5089-2020-99-4-176-191 (In Russ.).  DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2020-99-4-176-191(InRuss.)  EDN: RHAAMO</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox J.E. Banal nationalism in everyday life. Nations and nationalism. 2018, Vol. 24, N 4, P. 862-866. DOI: 10.1111/nana.12458</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox J.E. Banal nationalism in everyday life. Nations and nationalism. 2018, Vol. 24, N 4, P. 862-866.  DOI: 10.1111/nana.12458</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Freelon D., Marwick A., Kreiss D. False equivalencies: Online activism from left to right. Science. 2020, Vol. 369, N 6508, P. 1197-1201. DOI: 10.1126/science.abb2428</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Freelon D., Marwick A., Kreiss D. False equivalencies: Online activism from left to right. Science. 2020, Vol. 369, N 6508, P. 1197-1201.  DOI: 10.1126/science.abb2428</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenhalgh S.P., Willet K.B.S., Koehler M.J. Approaches to Mormon identity and Practice in the #ldsconf Twitter hashtag. Journal of media and religion. 2019, Vol. 18, N 4, P. 122-133. DOI: 10.1080/15348423.2019.1696121</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greenhalgh S.P., Willet K.B.S., Koehler M.J. Approaches to Mormon identity and Practice in the #ldsconf Twitter hashtag. Journal of media and religion. 2019, Vol. 18, N 4, P. 122-133.  DOI: 10.1080/15348423.2019.1696121</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grossman L.K. The electronic republic: reshaping democracy in the information age. New York: Viking Penguin, 1995, 290 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grossman L.K. The electronic republic: reshaping democracy in the information age. New York: Viking Penguin, 1995, 290 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Helm F. Emerging identities in virtual exchange. Voillans: Research-publishing.net, 2018, 202 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Helm F. Emerging identities in virtual exchange. Voillans: Research-publishing.net, 2018, 202 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hutchinson J. Nations as a zone of conflict. London: Sage Publications, 2005, 213 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hutchinson J. Nations as a zone of conflict. London: Sage Publications, 2005, 213 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jenkins H., Ford S., Green J. Spreadable media: Creating value and meaning in a networked culture. New York: New York university press, 2013, 352 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jenkins H., Ford S., Green J. Spreadable media: Creating value and meaning in a networked culture. New York: New York university press, 2013, 352 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson J., Malinova O. Yu. Symbolic politics in political science and Russian studies: research on the political uses of the past in post-soviet Russia. Political Science (RU). 2020, N 2, P. 15-41. 10.31249/poln/2020.02.01 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.31249/poln/2020.02.01(InRuss.) EDN: GRMJPB</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson J., Malinova O. Yu. Symbolic politics in political science and Russian studies: research on the political uses of the past in post-soviet Russia. Political Science (RU). 2020, N 2, P. 15-41. 10.31249/poln/2020.02.01 (In Russ.).  DOI: 10.31249/poln/2020.02.01(InRuss.)  EDN: GRMJPB</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kania-Lundholm M., Lindgren S. Beyond the nation-state Polish national identity and cultural intimacy online. National identities. 2017, Vol. 19, N 3, P. 293-309. DOI: 10.1080/14608944.2015.1108958</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kania-Lundholm M., Lindgren S. Beyond the nation-state Polish national identity and cultural intimacy online. National identities. 2017, Vol. 19, N 3, P. 293-309.  DOI: 10.1080/14608944.2015.1108958</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malinova O.Yu. Who forms official historical narrative and how? (analysis of Russian practices). The journal of political theory, political philosophy and sociology of politics Politeia. 2019, N 3, P. 103-126. 10.30570/2078-5089-2019-94-3-103-126 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2019-94-3-103-126(InRuss.) EDN: GIXZGM</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malinova O.Yu. Who forms official historical narrative and how? (analysis of Russian practices). The journal of political theory, political philosophy and sociology of politics Politeia. 2019, N 3, P. 103-126. 10.30570/2078-5089-2019-94-3-103-126 (In Russ.).  DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2019-94-3-103-126(InRuss.)  EDN: GIXZGM</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marilyn M.-J., Deirdre M. (eds). Researching multilingualism: critical and ethnographic perspectives. London, New York: Routledge, 2017, 284 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marilyn M.-J., Deirdre M. (eds). Researching multilingualism: critical and ethnographic perspectives. London, New York: Routledge, 2017, 284 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moffitt B. The global rise of populism: performance, political style, and representation. Stanford: Stanford university press, 2016, 240 p. DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvqsdsd8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moffitt B. The global rise of populism: performance, political style, and representation. Stanford: Stanford university press, 2016, 240 p.  DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvqsdsd8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patrusheva L.S. Hashtagging as a new process of communication. Bulletin of Udmurt university. Series history and philology. 2018, Vol. 28, N 3, P. 471-475. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patrusheva L.S. Hashtagging as a new process of communication. Bulletin of Udmurt university. Series history and philology. 2018, Vol. 28, N 3, P. 471-475. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramasubramanian S. Racial/ethnic identity, community-oriented media initiatives, and transmedia storytelling. The information society. 2016, Vol. 32, N 5, P. 333-342. DOI: 10.1080/01972243.2016.1212618</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramasubramanian S. Racial/ethnic identity, community-oriented media initiatives, and transmedia storytelling. The information society. 2016, Vol. 32, N 5, P. 333-342.  DOI: 10.1080/01972243.2016.1212618</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rightler-McDaniels J.L., Hendrickson E.M. Hoes and hashtags: constructions of gender and race in trending topics. Social semiotics. 2014, Vol. 24, N 2, P. 175-190. DOI: 10.1080/10350330.2013.859355</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rightler-McDaniels J.L., Hendrickson E.M. Hoes and hashtags: constructions of gender and race in trending topics. Social semiotics. 2014, Vol. 24, N 2, P. 175-190.  DOI: 10.1080/10350330.2013.859355</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schertzer R., Woods E. #Nationalism: the ethno-nationalist populism of Donald Trump's Twitter communication. Ethnic and racial Studies. 2020, Vol. 44, N 7. P. 1154-1173. DOI: 10.1080/01419870.2020.1713390</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schertzer R., Woods E. #Nationalism: the ethno-nationalist populism of Donald Trump's Twitter communication. Ethnic and racial Studies. 2020, Vol. 44, N 7. P. 1154-1173.  DOI: 10.1080/01419870.2020.1713390</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith A. Ethno-symbolism and nationalism: a cultural approach. New York: Routledge, 2009, 184 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith A. Ethno-symbolism and nationalism: a cultural approach. New York: Routledge, 2009, 184 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taylor Ch. The politics of recognition". In: Gutmann A. (ed.). Multiculturalism: examining the politics of recognition. Princeton: Princeton university press, 1994, P. 25-73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taylor Ch. The politics of recognition". In: Gutmann A. (ed.). Multiculturalism: examining the politics of recognition. Princeton: Princeton university press, 1994, P. 25-73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wodak R. The politics of fear: what right-wing populist discourses mean. London: Sage, 2015, 309 p. DOI: 10.4135/9781446270073</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wodak R. The politics of fear: what right-wing populist discourses mean. London: Sage, 2015, 309 p.  DOI: 10.4135/9781446270073</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zulli D. Evaluating hashtag activism: Examining the theoretical challenges and opportunities of #BlackLivesMatter. Participations. Journal of audience and reception studies. 2020, Vol. 17, N 1, P. 197-216.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zulli D. Evaluating hashtag activism: Examining the theoretical challenges and opportunities of #BlackLivesMatter. Participations. Journal of audience and reception studies. 2020, Vol. 17, N 1, P. 197-216.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ачкасов В.А. Этнополитическая мобилизация: попытка концептуализации понятия // Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Серия 6: Философия. Культурология. Политология. Право. Международные отношения. 2014. № 3. С. 81-89. EDN: SMMLEH</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox J.E. The edges of the nation: a research agenda for uncovering the taken-for-granted foundations of everyday nationhood: edges of the nation. Nations and nationalism. 2017, Vol. 23, N 1, P. 26-47.  DOI: 10.1111/nana.12269  EDN: YVUOLT</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ачкасов В.А. Роль "Образа врага" в процессах этнополитической мобилизации // Политическая экспертиза: ПОЛИТЭКС. 2016. Т. 12, № 1. С. 106-128. EDN: WKBFPV</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ачкасов В.А. Роль "Образа врага" в процессах этнополитической мобилизации // Политическая экспертиза: ПОЛИТЭКС. 2016. Т. 12, № 1. С. 106-128. EDN: WKBFPV</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоруссова С.Ю. Сила кряшен: виртуальная жизнь непризнанного народа // Сибирские исторические исследования. 2019. № 2. С. 41-63. DOI: 10.17223/2312461X/24/3 EDN: XCUBPV</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Белоруссова С.Ю. Сила кряшен: виртуальная жизнь непризнанного народа // Сибирские исторические исследования. 2019. № 2. С. 41-63. DOI: 10.17223/2312461X/24/3 EDN: XCUBPV</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоруссова С.Ю., Данилова Е.Н., Сысоева М.Э. Хештеги и этничность // Этнография. 2020. № 3. С. 33-61. DOI: 10.31250/2618-8600-2020-3(9)-33-61 EDN: AZDRKY</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Белоруссова С.Ю., Данилова Е.Н., Сысоева М.Э. Хештеги и этничность // Этнография. 2020. № 3. С. 33-61. DOI: 10.31250/2618-8600-2020-3(9)-33-61 EDN: AZDRKY</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Денисов А.Е. Практика этнической мобилизации через призму теории национализма Джона Хатчинсона (на примере кряшенского движения) // Вестник Пермского университета. Политология. 2017. № 4. С. 49-61. EDN: XSANRZ</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Денисов А.Е. Практика этнической мобилизации через призму теории национализма Джона Хатчинсона (на примере кряшенского движения) // Вестник Пермского университета. Политология. 2017. № 4. С. 49-61. EDN: XSANRZ</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Денисов А.Е. "Кряшенский вопрос" во Всероссийской переписи населения 2002 года: попытка политизации этничности // Вестник РУДН. Серия Политология. 2018. № 3. С. 323-333. DOI: 10.22363/2313-1438-2018-20-3-323-333 EDN: YNAJYL</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Денисов А.Е. "Кряшенский вопрос" во Всероссийской переписи населения 2002 года: попытка политизации этничности // Вестник РУДН. Серия Политология. 2018. № 3. С. 323-333. DOI: 10.22363/2313-1438-2018-20-3-323-333 EDN: YNAJYL</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Денисов А.Е. Символы Кряшенского национального движения в контексте политики признания Чарльза Тейлора // Вестник Пермского университета. Политология. 2019. Т. 13, № 3. С. 88-97. DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2019-3-88-98 EDN: OYMOXP</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Денисов А.Е. Символы Кряшенского национального движения в контексте политики признания Чарльза Тейлора // Вестник Пермского университета. Политология. 2019. Т. 13, № 3. С. 88-97. DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2019-3-88-98 EDN: OYMOXP</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Денисов А.Е. Религиозное возрождение как основа современного кряшенского религиозного возрождения // Полития: Анализ. Хроника. Прогноз (Журнал политической философии и социологии политики). 2020. № 4. С. 176-191. DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2020-99-4-176-191 EDN: RHAAMO</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Денисов А.Е. Религиозное возрождение как основа современного кряшенского религиозного возрождения // Полития: Анализ. Хроника. Прогноз (Журнал политической философии и социологии политики). 2020. № 4. С. 176-191. DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2020-99-4-176-191 EDN: RHAAMO</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Джонсон, Д., Малинова О.Ю. Символическая политика как предмет Political Science и Russian Studies: исследования политического использования прошлого в постсоветской России // Политическая наука. 2020. № 2. С. 15-41. DOI: 10.31249/poln/2020.02.01 EDN: GRMJPB</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Джонсон, Д., Малинова О.Ю. Символическая политика как предмет Political Science и Russian Studies: исследования политического использования прошлого в постсоветской России // Политическая наука. 2020. № 2. С. 15-41. DOI: 10.31249/poln/2020.02.01 EDN: GRMJPB</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кастельс М. Информационная эпоха: экономика, общество и культура. М.:ГУ ВШЭ, 2000. 608 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кастельс М. Информационная эпоха: экономика, общество и культура. М.:ГУ ВШЭ, 2000. 608 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малинова О.Ю. Кто и как формирует официальный исторический нарратив? Анализ российских практик // Полития: Анализ. Хроника. Прогноз (Журнал политической философии и социологии политики). 2019. № 3. С. 103-126. DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2019-94-3-103-126 EDN: GIXZGM</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Малинова О.Ю. Кто и как формирует официальный исторический нарратив? Анализ российских практик // Полития: Анализ. Хроника. Прогноз (Журнал политической философии и социологии политики). 2019. № 3. С. 103-126. DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2019-94-3-103-126 EDN: GIXZGM</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Патрушева Л.С. Хештегирование как новый коммуникативный процесс // Вестник Удмуртского университета. Серия история и филология. 2018. Т. 28, № 3. С. 471-475. EDN: OWXTPG</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Патрушева Л.С. Хештегирование как новый коммуникативный процесс // Вестник Удмуртского университета. Серия история и филология. 2018. Т. 28, № 3. С. 471-475. EDN: OWXTPG</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox J.E. The edges of the nation: a research agenda for uncovering the taken-for-granted foundations of everyday nationhood: edges of the nation. Nations and nationalism. 2017, Vol. 23, N 1, P. 26-47. DOI: 10.1111/nana.12269 EDN: YVUOLT</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox J.E. The edges of the nation: a research agenda for uncovering the taken-for-granted foundations of everyday nationhood: edges of the nation. Nations and nationalism. 2017, Vol. 23, N 1, P. 26-47. DOI: 10.1111/nana.12269 EDN: YVUOLT</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
