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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2021.02.03</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-821</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕИ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы массовой поддержки правительства в условиях проведения структурных реформ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Factors of mass support for government in the times of structural reforms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>Б. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>B. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколов Борис Олегович, кандидат политических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории сравнительных социальных исследований им. Рональда Ф. Инглхарта</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bssokolov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завадская</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavadskaya</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Завадская Маргарита Андреевна, PhD, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории сравнительных социальных исследований им. Рональда Ф. Инглхарта; научный сотрудник; научный сотрудник Александровского института</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>Хельсинки, Финляндия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p><p>Helsinki, Finland</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mzavadskaya@eu.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалов</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamalov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камалов Эмиль Альфредович, кандидат философских наук, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории сравнительных социальных исследований им. Рональда Ф. Инглхарта; аспирант факультета политических наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">em.kamalov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">HSE University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»; Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге; Хельсинкский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">HSE University; European University at St. Petersburg; University of Helsinki<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»; Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">HSE University; European University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Институциональные реформы</issue-title><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соколов Б.О., Завадская М.А., Камалов Э.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколов Б.О., Завадская М.А., Камалов Э.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolov B.О., Zavadskaya M.A., Kamalov E.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/821">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/821</self-uri><abstract><p>Любая страна, чтобы не быть сброшенной с «парохода современности», должна периодически проводить масштабные внутренние преобразования. Однако структурные реформы редко проходят безболезненно для населения. Как показывают исследования на материале США и европейских стран, частым последствием таких реформ оказывается снижение уровня поддержки правительства. Этот процесс может проявляться многообразно: и в падении рейтингов одобрения власти или снижении уровня доверия правительству, и в уменьшении готовности голосовать за представителей правящей партии на выборах. Всё это может, в свою очередь, привести к проблемам с легитимностью действующей власти и - в худшем сценарии - дестабилизации политической системы страны в целом. Возможно ли соблюсти баланс между необходимостью преобразований и сохранением доверия к власти со стороны общества? Может ли правительство провести болезненную реформу без того, чтобы стать объектом всеобщей ненависти? Какие условия могут этому благоприятствовать? Хотя факторы массовой поддержки власти являются одной из центральных тем в современной политической науке, внятные ответы на поставленные выше вопросы пока что не получены. В настоящей статье исследуются возможности правительства по сохранению массовой поддержки в условиях проведения непопулярных структурных реформ. Особое внимание уделяется использованию стратегии фреймирования общественного мнения. На основе анализа теоретической литературы и эмпирических исследований политической поддержки в России выделяются основные факторы, которые могут способствовать эффективности данной стратегии в отечественном контексте.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Any country in order to stay afloat sooner or later is forced to undertake large-scale internal reforms in various policy areas. However, structural reforms often bear adverse consequences for the population. As the studies of the US and European states show, one of the most crucial negative consequences is the decrease in mass support for the government that has initiated the reform. The latter manifests itself in a drop of approval ratings, trust in government, propensity to vote for the incumbent at the forthcoming elections. Such a decrease may lead to decreased legitimacy of the political power, thereby destabilizing the current political system. Is it possible to strike the balance between the necessity of reform and upholding trust on the society’s behalf? Can a government carry out painful reforms without provoking hatred? What conditions facilitate such balance? Although the factors of mass support play the central role in nowadays’ political science, the answers to the questions mentioned above remain unanswered. This article examines different options available to governments in order to preserve their mass support and legitimacy when conducting unpopular reforms, with a special emphasis on media framing. Using various theoretical sources and the recent literature on political support in Russia, it identifies various factors that may facilitate the use of the latter option in the Russian context.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>структурные реформы</kwd><kwd>ретроспективное голосование</kwd><kwd>избегание ответственности</kwd><kwd>поддержка правительства</kwd><kwd>фреймирование</kwd><kwd>общественное мнение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>welfare retrenchment</kwd><kwd>retrospective voting</kwd><kwd>blame avoidance</kwd><kwd>political support</kwd><kwd>framing effects</kwd><kwd>public opinion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российское здравоохранение: как выйти из кризиса / А.Г. Вишневский [и др.]. М.: ГУ ВШЭ, 2006. 25 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Российское здравоохранение: как выйти из кризиса / А.Г. 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