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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2021.01.01</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-832</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОСТОЯНИЕ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Как информационно-коммуникационные технологии меняют тренды в моделировании политических процессов: к агентному подходу</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>How information and communication technologies change trends in modelling political processes: towards an agent-based approach</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахременко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhremenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахременко Андрей Сергеевич, доктор политических наук, профессор факультета социальных наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aakhremenko@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петров Александр, доктор физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrov.alexander.p@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жеглов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheglov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жеглов Сергей Александрович, аспирант, Аспирантская школа по политическим наукам</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s_zheglov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National research university Higher school of economics<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт прикладной математики имени М.В. Келдыша РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Математические методы в политической науке</issue-title><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ахременко А.С., Петров А.P., Жеглов С.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ахременко А.С., Петров А., Жеглов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akhremenko A.S., Petrov A.P., Zheglov S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/832">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/832</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие информационно-коммуникационных технологий и вычислительной техники приводит к расширению инструментария для моделирования политических процессов. Если в предыдущие десятилетия математические модели разрабатывались в основном в теоретико-игровой постановке, то сегодня появляется все большее количество работ, реализующих агентное (агентно-ориентированное, agent-based) моделирование. Этот тренд вполне закономерен. Произошли изменения в политическом участии и в формах коллективного взаимо- действия индивидов и групп, индуцированных цифровыми технологиями. Исследователями разработаны теоретические подходы к проблематике политического участия, делающие акцент на формах сетевого взаимодействия и реализующих логику bottom-up, обосновывающую макросвойства системы из характеристик и взаимодействия отдельных агентов. Тем самым сформировались теоретические основы для агентного подхода к моделированию, который принимает наиболее многообещающую форму в сетевом дизайне. Этот подход, однако, потребовал более сложного, чем принято в господствующей ранее теоретико-игровой парадигме, описания мотивации индивидов в плане принятия решений об участии. Один из ключевых моментов состоит в том, что мотивация оказывается увязанной с сетевым положением агентов ввиду того, что индивид ориентируется на совершенные ранее действия своих соседей по сети. Таким образом, течение политического процесса определяется не только свойствами и решениями его участников, но также типом связывающей их сетевой архитектуры. В изучении моделей такого типа особую роль играет вычислительный эксперимент, в рамках которого варьируются параметры модели. Рассматриваются две основные стратегии такого эксперимента: поиск по решетке и метод Монте-Карло. Перспективы агентного моделирования в сетевом дизайне включают в себя исследование динамики политических процессов с учетом структур доверия и социального капитала, а также ресурсов и механизмов коллективного действия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of information and communication technologies and computing power leads to the emergence of additional opportunities for modeling political processes. In the past decades, mathematical models have been developed mainly in a game-theoretic setting; today we witness an expanding stream of research applying agent-based (multi-agent) approach. This trend is quite natural. There have been changes in political participation and in the forms of collective interaction of individuals and groups, induced by digital technologies. Researchers have developed theoretical approaches to political participation, focusing on the network interaction and implementing the “bottom-up” logic that infers the macro-properties of the system from the characteristics and interactions of individual agents. Thus, the theoretical foundations for an agent-based modeling, most promising in its network version, have been developed. This approach, however, required a more complex description of the individual motivation and decision making in comparison to the dominant game-theoretic paradigm. One of the key points is that motivation is considered to be linked to the network position of agents, since the individual is guided by the actions of her neighbors. Thus, the course of the political process is determined not only by the properties and decisions of its participants, but also by the type of network architecture that connects them. Within this research framework, a computational experiment, assuming a controlled variation of parameters, plays a special role. Two main strategies of such an experiment are considered: the grid search and the Monte Carlo method. The prospects of agent-based modeling in its network form are related to the study of the dynamical political processes, taking into account the structures of trust and social capital, as well as the resources and mechanisms of collective action.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>агентный подход</kwd><kwd>агентно-ориентированное моделиро- вание</kwd><kwd>социальные сети</kwd><kwd>сетевая архитектура</kwd><kwd>динамика политических процессов</kwd><kwd>политическое участие</kwd><kwd>вычислительный эксперимент.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>agent-based approach</kwd><kwd>multi-agent modelling</kwd><kwd>social networks</kwd><kwd>net- work architecture</kwd><kwd>dynamics of political process</kwd><kwd>political participation</kwd><kwd>computational experiment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A common protocol for agent-based social simulation / M.G. 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