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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Политическая наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1775</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИНИОН РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/poln/2023.02.15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politscience-933</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕЧИТЫВАЯ КЛАССИКУ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Символы национальной солидарности (Перевод)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Symbols of national solidarity (Translation)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Госнелл</surname><given-names>Г. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gosnell</surname><given-names>H. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарольд Ф. Госнелл</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Harold F. Gosnell</p></bio></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Идентичность, ценности и их влияние на политические процессы</issue-title><fpage>338</fpage><lpage>348</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Госнелл Г.Ф., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Госнелл Г.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gosnell H.F.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/933">https://www.politnauka.ru/jour/article/view/933</self-uri><abstract><p>   Выдающийся американский политолог, один из лидеров первого поколения чикагской школы политических исследований Гарольд Ф. Госнелл (1896–1997) в своей статье рассматривает ключевые проблемы сплочения американского общества в условиях военного кризиса. Статья стала реакцией ученого на нападение Японии на Перл-Харбор 7 декабря 1941 г. и вступление США во Вторую мировую войну. Принимая во внимание базовые идеи символического интеракционизма, Госнелл относит к символам национальной солидарности вербальные и невербальные репрезентации, формирующие у граждан чувство лояльности их государству. Госнелл выстраивает свой анализ вокруг провозглашенных президентом США Ф. Д. Рузвельтом «четырех свобод» – свободы выражения мнений, свободы вероисповедования, свободы от нужды и свободы от страха. Автор фокусирует внимание на «проблемных», с точки зрения национального сплочения, расовых и этнических группах – афроамериканцах, эмигрантах – выходцах из стран, с которыми США находились в состоянии войны. Госнелл показывает, что значимой составляющей военного и политического успеха является способность правительства объяснить различным группам, что будут означать для них победа или поражение в войне.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Harold F. Gosnell (1896–1997), a prominent American political scientist and one of the leaders of the first generation of the Chicago school of political studies, examines the key issues of American social cohesion during a wartime crisis in his article. The article was the scholar's reaction to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and the US entry into World War II. Taking into account the basic ideas of symbolic interactionism, Gosnell classifies as symbols of national solidarity the verbal and nonverbal representations that form citizens' sense of loyalty to their state. Gosnell frames his analysis around US President F. D. Roosevelt's «four freedoms» – freedom of expression, freedom of religion, freedom from want and freedom from fear. The author focuses on «problematic» from the point of view of loyalty to the nation state racial and ethnic groups – African Americans, immigrants from countries with which the United States was at war. Gosnell shows that a significant component of military and political success is the government’s ability to explain to particular groups what a victory or defeat would mean to them.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>национальная солидарность</kwd><kwd>политическая лояльность</kwd><kwd>символы</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Вторая мировая война</kwd><kwd>«четыре свободы»</kwd><kwd>межэтнические и межрасовые отношения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>national solidarity</kwd><kwd>political loyalty</kwd><kwd>symbols</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>Second World War</kwd><kwd>«four freedoms»</kwd><kwd>interethnic and interracial relations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burdette F. L. Education for citizenship. Public opinion quarterly. 1942, Vol. 6, N 2, P. 268–279.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burdette F. L. 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