Current aims of the OECD innovation policy: a neogramscian analysis

The article examines innovation policy, which is essentially an invention of the globalization era, and as such relies mainly on models constructed by international organizations. The primary contributor is the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. OECD had a significant influence in the field of innovation policy, as this organization, initially positioning itself as a bloc of the most economically prosperous countries, was able to influence individual states through the prospect of accession, which was seen as the acquisition of a privileged status. Therefore, innovation policy from the very beginning was linked to the interests of countries promoting a new global world order, but by now the situation has changed: globalization is no longer perceived as the optimal way of development and the world is increasingly divided into supporters and opponents of this model. Obviously, this conflict is more complex and unfolds not only in the interstate field, but also within countries, making the internal political situation in many of them tense. This article intends to trace how innovation policy is perceived in this new situation. Whereas in previous decades it was received as part of a certain intellectual mainstream adopted at the level of most governments, now the particularistic interests that it promotes are much more visible. These changes can be traced in OECD documents, which have become much more confrontational in tone in recent years. We propose to evaluate these changes from the perspective of international political economy, in which the Gramscian model of hegemony as a form of organization of economic, political and cultural order plays a defining role. Its value lies in the fact that it makes it possible to consider within one model both interstate and interclass relations unfolding in the global field simultaneously, and at the same time to take into account simultaneously economic, political and cultural aspects of these relations.

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